～ながら（も）
nagara mo
Although; despite
Formation 接続
Full formation notes
Verb masu-stem, i-adjective, na-adjective stem, or noun + ながら(も), followed by a contrast. This is the concessive use.
Explanation 説明
Present a fact or quality followed by an unexpected contrast, usually about the same subject. This concessive use is different from V-stem nagara for simultaneous actions. Adding mo strengthens the contrast.
Examples 例文
-
この部屋は狭いながらも、使いやすいです。
Although this room is small, it is practical.
-
彼は若いながら、豊富な経験を持っています。
Although he is young, he has extensive experience.
-
悪いと知りながらも、うそをついてしまいました。
Although I knew it was wrong, I told a lie.
-
残念ながら、明日の会には参加できません。
Unfortunately, I cannot attend tomorrow's gathering.
-
彼女は忙しいながらも、毎日家族に連絡しています。
Although she is busy, she contacts her family every day.
How related patterns differ 比較
ながらも and つつも express contrast, while ながら and つつ also have separate simultaneous-action uses. 反面 contrasts two aspects of one thing; に反して means contrary to expectations or rules. にかかわらず means the result does not depend on a condition.
| Pattern | Meaning | Example |
|---|---|---|
| ～ながら（も） | Although; despite | この部屋は狭いながらも、使いやすいです。 Although this room is small, it is practical. |
| ～つつ | While doing; although | 資料を確認しつつ、気づいた点をメモした。 While checking the documents, I noted the points that caught my attention. |
| ～つつも | Although; despite being aware of | 早く寝ようと思いつつも、つい本を読んでしまいました。 Although I intended to sleep early, I ended up reading. |
| ～にかかわらず | Regardless of; whether or not | 年齢にかかわらず、誰でも参加できます。 Anyone can participate regardless of age. |
| ～に反して | Contrary to; against | 予想に反して、試験はそれほど難しくありませんでした。 Contrary to expectations, the exam was not very difficult. |
Comments posted (0)