〜かたわら
katawara
While also; alongside
Formation 接続
Full formation notes
V dictionary／Nの + かたわら
Notation: N = noun; V dictionary = dictionary-form verb; V stem = the stem before ます; plain clause = plain-form clause; negative stem = the form before ない. Follow the attachment shown above.
Explanation 説明
Describes a sustained main activity alongside a secondary pursuit, rather than two momentary actions.
Examples 例文
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会社で働くかたわら、研究を続けている。
Alongside my job at a company, I continue with research.
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会社で働くかたわら、練習を続けている。
Alongside my job at a company, I continue with practice.
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会社で働くかたわら、勉強を続けている。
Alongside my job at a company, I continue with study.
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会社で働くかたわら、準備を続けている。
Alongside my job at a company, I continue with preparation.
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会社で働くかたわら、仕事を続けている。
Alongside my job at a company, I continue with work.
How related patterns differ 比較
つつ often joins actions by one subject; つつも concedes. かたわら links sustained pursuits. てからというもの marks a turning point; つつある an ongoing change, 一方だ a one-way trend, and おきに a recurring interval.
| Pattern | Meaning | Example |
|---|---|---|
| 〜かたわら | While also; alongside | 会社で働くかたわら、研究を続けている。 Alongside my job at a company, I continue with research. |
| ～つつ | While doing; although | 資料を確認しつつ、気づいた点をメモした。 While checking the documents, I noted the points that caught my attention. |
| ～つつある | Be gradually becoming; be in the process of | 日本語への関心が高まりつつある。 Interest in Japanese is gradually growing. |
| ～つつも | Although; despite being aware of | 早く寝ようと思いつつも、つい本を読んでしまいました。 Although I intended to sleep early, I ended up reading. |
| ～いっぽうだ | Keep becoming; steadily more | 会議の費用は増える一方だ。 The cost of the meeting keeps rising. |
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