～ぐるみ
gurumi
Including the whole; entire
Formation 接続
Full formation notes
N + ぐるみ（で）
Notation: N = noun; V dictionary = dictionary-form verb; V stem = the stem before ます; plain clause = plain-form clause; negative stem = the form before ない. Follow the attachment shown above.
Explanation 説明
Includes an entire group or everything accompanying it, as in whole families or communities.
Examples 例文
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地域ぐるみで、会議を支えた。
The whole community supported the meeting.
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地域ぐるみで、試験を支えた。
The whole community supported the exam.
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地域ぐるみで、研修を支えた。
The whole community supported the training session.
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地域ぐるみで、発表会を支えた。
The whole community supported the presentation event.
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地域ぐるみで、面接を支えた。
The whole community supported the interview.
How related patterns differ 比較
These suffixes are not freely interchangeable: めく and じみる give a characteristic air; 気味 marks a slight tendency. まみれ often covers something in dirt, ずくめ describes an overall type, and づくし an assortment. Learn ずく, 越し, ぐるみ, and がかり in established combinations.
| Pattern | Meaning | Example |
|---|---|---|
| ～ぐるみ | Including the whole; entire | 地域ぐるみで、会議を支えた。 The whole community supported the meeting. |
| ～気味 | Slightly; tending to | 研究が続いて、疲れ気味だ。 After continuous research, I am feeling a little worn out. |
| 〜めく | Have the air of; become like | 会議の案内には、謎めいた言葉が書かれていた。 The invitation to the meeting contained mysterious wording. |
| ～まみれ | Covered in; smeared with | 研究の後、彼は汗まみれになっていた。 After research, he was covered in sweat. |
| ～ずくめ | Entirely; nothing but | 会議は成功し、今日はいいことずくめだった。 The event, the meeting, succeeded; today was full of good things. |
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